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If you have a strong bond with animals, are inclined towards science and eager to practice methods to improve health and welfare of animals - Enroll in a Veterinary College in Tamilnadu or in any other veterinary college in India.
The veterinary and fisheries sector is growing at 8-10% per annum. Both in the public as well as the private sector, career options exist. In fact, domestic requirement is hardly met with. The demand is always more than the number of students who pass out of veterinary college in Tamilnadu and other states in India every year. Notwithstanding the domestic demand, there are plenty of opportunities in the international arena. Setting up private practice is highly enterprising.
Veterinary Medicine
Veterinary science is also referred as 'veterinary medicine' as it deals with the health of all types of animals, the mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and amphibians. Qualified professionals are termed as veterinarians and less commonly as veterinary doctors.
There is enough evidence suggesting prevalence and practice of veterinary medicine during the Rig Vedic period (1500 – 1000 BC) and Atharveda (termed the fourth Veda). Apparently, the religious priests who were entrusted the responsibility of maintaining cattle were the first animal healers or veterinarians. In fact, specialization existed even then.
- Shalihotra, the father of Veterinary Science, the first known veterinarian in the world acquired knowledge from Brahma and specialized in horse husbandry and medicine.
- Sage Palakapya, an expert in dealing with elephants composed a text Gaja Ayurveda.
- Nakula and Sahadeva (2 of the 5 Pandava Brothers) were experts of cattle and horse husbandry.
- Lord Krishna (900 – 1000 BC) was an expert caretaker and conservator of cow husbandry.
- Lord Buddha was a great protector of all kinds of animals and birds.
- King Ashoka established the first veterinary hospital in the world.
- Sage Palkapya (700-400 BC) was the ultimate authority on elephants.
Treating animals
In ancient India, physicians treating human conditions were also trained in treating animals. Based on the Vedic treatise of medicine 'Shushrutha Samhitha', the concept and practice of One Medicine was followed. The practitioners believed and understood the interaction between humans, animals and nature.
The close genetic similarity and the striking physical and psychological aspects between humans and other species emphasized that there are no dividing lines between human and animal science and indeed the two are related. Compared to differences, the similarities between human and animal medicine score high. The difference of course lies between the two types of patients and an entirely different ethical framework practices for human medicine. Also, medical students focus on one whereas vet students study the subjects in the context of a whole array of animals, large and small.
For long, treating animals from the human point of view continued. The dissemination happened in 1762 when the first veterinary school in the world was established by Claude Bourgelat, a French Veterinary Surgeon in Lyons, France. Soon after, Sweden, Germany, Denmark and Austria too established Veterinary schools. In 1844, The Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS) was founded in Great Britain. In 1879, the first Veterinary College in United States was established.
Back home, in India, veterinary education started in 1862. Technically, the army veterinary college in Pune is the first veterinary college in India. The fist civil veterinary school was established in Uttar Pradesh, in 1877. With increase in demand for controlling animal diseases, commissions were set-up and as per the recommendation, a veterinary college in Calcutta and Madras was established. In 1903, the Madras Veterinary College was established. The curriculum was based on equine practice, providing medical care for horses. Only a diploma study was possible.
To upgrade and offer a Bachelor's degree in Veterinary Science, in 1936, The Madras Veterinary College was affiliated to University of Madras. Thus, the college became the first college to offer a bachelor's degree in India.
Post Independence, veterinary education was combined with agricultural studies. Lack of due attention to veterinary studies resulted in inadequate progress in the field of veterinary education and research. This led to establishing separate veterinary and animal sciences university including Fisheries, at Tamil Nadu, in Madras in 1989. This is the Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), an autonomous institution governed by its Board of Management. The Madras Veterinary College is affiliated to this University. Other states in India also established separate veterinary universities.
Veterinary College in Tamil Nadu
In 1989, TANUVAS was conferred as the first Veterinary and Animal Sciences University in Asia. The number of seats has gone up from 226 to 260 for the academic year, 2012-13. Domicile restriction in allotment of seats is followed. There are six constituent colleges of TANUVAS.
Madras Veterinary College (MVC) at Vepery, Chennai
Veterinary College and Research Institute (VCRIs) at Namakkal
Veterinary College and Research Institute (VCRIs) at Orathanadu (Thanjavur)
Veterinary College and Research Institute (VCRIs) at Tirunelveli
College of poultry production and management (hosur) (erstwhile IPPM)
Fisheries College and Research Institute (FCRI) at Thoothukudi
College of Food and Dairy Technology (CFDT) at Koduvalli, Chennai
What do students learn in any of these veterinary varsities? The curriculum is comprehensive with a balanced mixture of theoretical as well as practical exposure; it is education and training in the classroom, lab, clinic and field. The objective is to prepare and provide the students with relevant knowledge and skill-sets deemed fit for working in the veterinary industry.
How to work with animals
To diagnose, treat and prevent various types of diseases in birds and animals including scientific breeding and handling of livestock.
Do laboratory tests using microscopes and other equipment.
How to communicate to pet lovers about pet care and breeding.
About nutrition and dieting for different species of animals.
Animal nursing and medication.
Exposed to general practice as well as emergency care.
If the goal of a student is to ultimately become a vet, obtaining a bachelor's degree first is the right course of action. There are ample employment opportunities. Considering our world ranking, being number one in milk production, number two in aqua culture, number three in egg production and number four in poultry broiler production, the services of veterinarians is indispensable. Students who pursue a bachelor's degree are eligible to pursue Master's degree.
About AIPVT, National entrance test
For admission to first year Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (BVSc and AH) in colleges recognized by the Veterinary Council of India, students from all states except Jammu and Kashmir can appear for the All-India Pre-Veterinary Test (AIPVT). The test is usually conducted in May every year in different centers in India. Of the total seats, 15% is required to be filled by each veterinary college of all states. The application form of AIPVT 2015 will be available from January 2015. The application form and information brochure is available at the Veterinary Council of India offices as well as 22 bank branches across India.
List of Veterinary colleges in India recognized by Veterinary Council of India offering B.V.Sc and A.H degree.
Assam
College of Veterinary Science, Gauhati
Andhra Pradesh
College of Veterinary Science, Hyderabad
College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati
College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram
Bihar
Bihar Veterinary College, Patna
Chattisgarh
College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Durg
Gujarat
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Sardar Krushi Nagar
Haryana
College of Veterinary Science, Hisar
Himachal Pradesh
College of Veterinary Science, Palampur
Jammu and Kashmir
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Jammu
College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Srinagar
Jharkhand
College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Ranchi
Karnataka
College of Veterinary Science, Bangalore
College of Veterinary Science, Bidar
Kerala
College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Trissur
College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Pookotte
Madhya Pradesh
College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur
College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Mhow
Maharashtra
College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Udgir
College of Veterinary & Animal Husbandry, Parbhani
College of Veterinary Science, Khandala
Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur
Bombay Veterinary College, Parel, Bombay
Mizoram
College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Aizawi
Orissa
College of Veterinary Science, Bhubaneswar
Punjab
College of Veterinary Science, Ludhiana
Rajasthan
College of Veterinary Science, Bikaner
Uttar Pradesh
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mathura
College of Veterinary Science, Faizabad
Uttaranchal
College of Veterinary Science, Pantnagar
West Bengal
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Science, Calcutta -700 037
Pondicherry
Rajiv Gandhi College of Veterinary & Animal Science, Karumbapet
Manipur
College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Mizoram
Veterinary Science study in TANUVAS
Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (BVSc & AH)
- The total number of seats is 260, 221 for local students and 39 for students from other states based on the results of AICEE.
- Can be pursued at MVC (Chennai), VCRI (Namakkal, Tirunelveli & Orathandu).
- Course duration is 5 years covering 9 semesters.
- Higher Secondary course students pursuing science stream combination, Physics, Chemistry with Biology or Botany and Zoology or Agricultural Practices/dairy poultry in vocation stream are eligible to apply for BVSc & AH.
- Minimum mark requirement and reservations will be as per the norms fixed by the Government of TamilNadu.
Bachelor of Technology (Food Processing Technology) B.Tech (Food Processing and Technology)
- Total number of seats is 20.
- Can be pursued at CFDT, Chennai.
- Course duration is 4 years covering 8 semesters including one semester of in-house training.
- The course imparts theoretical knowledge and practical training to meet the challenges of the increasing modernization of food products processing plants.
- Higher Secondary course students pursuing the combination of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry are eligible to apply for the course.
- Minimum mark requirement and reservations will be as per the norms fixed by the Government of TamilNadu.
Bachelor of Technology (Poultry Production Technology) B.Tech (PPT)
- Total number of seats is 20.
- Can be pursued at CFDT, Chennai and College of Poultry Production and Management.
- Course duration is 4 years consisting of 8 semesters with a compulsory in-house training of one semester.
- Objective is to initiate students into all aspect of poultry production and innovative technology to improve and maintain poultry processing, poultry feeding, breeding etc.
- Higher secondary course students pursuing the combination of physics, chemistry, and biology with mathematics are eligible for the course.
- Minimum mark requirement and reservations will be as per the norms fixed by the Government of TamilNadu.
Postgraduate degree course
In the two year duration students specialize in the specific area of Veterinary Science. The course involves both research as well as realistic training modules. Master's degree prepares students to pursue other careers in animal science besides becoming a veterinarian. A master's is the minimum requirement to seek employment in the research and teaching field.
For admission into other veterinary colleges recognized by the Veterinary Council of India, students can appear for the All India Entrance Examination conducted by the Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR). Institutes which consider the test results are IVRI, Bombay Veterinary College and CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Also, the Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University (MAFSU) offers undergraduate, postgraduate and doctorate courses in this field.
Master of Veterinary Science (MVSc)
B.V.Sc and AH/B.F.Sc graduates from TANUVAS or any other recognized university as specified with a minimum of 55% marks are eligible. A pass is sufficient for SC/ST candidates. 75% of the seats are reserved for Tamilnadu candidates and the rest for candidates from other states.
Candidates have to appear for a common entrance test to answer 200 objective questions in 3 hour duration. Questions are related to B.V.Sc/B.F.Sc curriculum. Admission is based on entrance test performance and the qualifying marks in degree program. Based on the merit list eligible candidates will be called for counseling. Candidates can pursue MVSc in the following disciplines.
- Veterinary Anatomy and Histology
- Animal Genetics and Breeding
- Animal Husbandry Economics
- Veterinary and Animal Husbandry extension
- Animal Nutrition
- Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence
- Dairy Science
- Livestock production and Management
- Meat Science and Technology
- Animal Reproduction, Gynecology and Obstetrics
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Poultry Science
- Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine
- Veterinary Surgery and Radiology
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Veterinary Pathology
- Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry
- Veterinary Public Health
- Biostatistics
- General Knowledge, Sports and Aptitude
Doctoral Degree Programme (PhD in Veterinary Science)
A Master's degree in the concerned field from a recognized university is a must to pursue the three years full time PhD in fields within veterinary sciences and medicine. The program involves conducting a research study, analyze and interpret data, write a thesis and present to the department. Engaging in independent research demonstrates reasonable mastery of a concentrated field of study. Completion of a research project and the writing of a thesis based upon the research are mandatory. The format of the thesis, including a statement on authorship, must follow prescriptions laid down by the University and advised to the candidate at the time of enrollment. The course empowers students for a broad range of career choices in a variety of industries related to animal science.
Besides, TANUVAS institutes offering PhD in veterinary science in India are:
College of Veterinary Science Animal Husbandry, Allahabad
Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bangalore
Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola, Maharashtra.
Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh
Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, Bihar
Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh.
Post Graduate diploma Courses
A one year program with two semesters, post graduate diploma courses in TANUVAS are mostly skill-oriented aimed at enhancing skills in specific area. Termed as part-time course, the classes are held in the evening. Practicing veterinarians with an objective to equip themselves with the latest developments in related field benefit immensely.
PG Diploma in Wild Animal Disease Management
PG Diploma in Companion Animal Practice
PG Diploma in Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis
PG Diploma in Bioinformatics
PG Diploma in Business Management ( Animal and Fisheries Science)
TANUVAS also offers 21 post graduate diploma courses through distance education, online mode. There are courses for veterinary graduates specifically. Some courses are specifically meant for veterinary and other science graduates.
Evolving as a veterinarian
Animals cannot explain their pain and agony. Certain essential skills enable the veterinarian to understand the signs and symptoms diagnose and treat effectively. It is a job that requires stamina especially when handling large animals or emergency situations. The combination of knowledge and essential personal attributes mould a veterinary student into an excellent veterinarian. The five areas of great importance are observation, communication, motor, intellectual, behavioral and social.
- Genuine love and compassion for animals
- Extra sensitive and patient
- Good communication skills (to communicate within the team and pet owners)
- Good stamina and reflexes
- Effective decision-making skills
- Ability to work under stress.
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